Tomato



👉Tomato is the Third important vegetable crop after potato and onion which is at the 3rd position in both area and production after Onion and Potato.

👉Tomatoes are a summer-season vegetable and are usually grown as summer annuals.

Botanial Name: Lycopersicon esculentum

Family: Solanaceae

Origin Place of Tomato: Peru


Fruit of tomato is: Berry


Tomato susceptible for: frost

Red colour of tomato is due to presence of Lyopine

👉Seed Rate 350-400 g/ha. for normal 

 100-150 gram for hybrid variety.

👉Soil: Well drained loamy soils rich in organic matter with a pH range of 6.5-7.5.

👉Season of sowing: May - June and November – December

Important Verities

👉(Pusa Ruby = Sioux X Improved Meerthi) Pusa Sheetal, Pusa Gaurav, Pusa-120, 

👉Arkha Saurabh, Arkha Gaurav, Arka Vikash, Hissar Lalit

👉Flavr Savr is (genetically modified variety) suitable for delay ripening.

👉Punjab huharaa and Roma Suitable for processing.


👉Duration 110- 115 days from transplanting (135 - 140 days from sowing)

👉Weed control: Apply Pendimethalin 1.0 kg a.i./ha or Fluchloralin 1.0 kg a.i / ha as pre-emergence herbicide, followed by hand weeding once at 30 days after planting.

Important Diseases of tomato

👉i) Blight of Tomato:  Copper oxychloride a 3g/liter of water with Bacteromycin a 0.1 g/liter of water or Mencozeb @ 3g/litre.

👉Damping off (nursery)
Treat the seeds with Trichoderma viride 4 g/kg or Pseudomonas fluorescens 10 g /kg of seed 24 hours before sowing.

👉Leaf spot
Leaf spot can be controlled by spraying Zineb or Mancozeb 2 g/lit.

👉ii) Leaf curl virus transmitted by White fly.

Insect Pest of Tomato

👉1. Fruit borer:  Helicoverpa armigera. Grow simultaneously 40 days old American tall marigold and 25 days old tomato seedlings @ 1:16 rows.

👉2 White fly: Bemisia tabaci

👉Yield
            Varieties : 30 - 40 t / ha
            Hybrids  : 80 - 95 t / ha


Physiological Disorders of Tomato

👉Fruit Cracking
Cracking in tomato fruits is common, radial and concentric, cracking are severe. due to boron deficiency and moisture effect.

👉Blossom end rot (BER): Due to Ca deficiency and high temperature.

👉Puffiness: Due to poor pollination and low and high temperature.

👉Cat face: Due to abnormal growing Condition.

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