one linear important question 12

 👉The fine earth covering land surface acts as a reservoir of nutrients and water; Soil.

👉The word ‘Soil’ is derived from; Latin word.

👉Study of origin, classification, morphology of soil is known as; Pedology.

👉The study of soils in relation to crop growth; Edaphology.

👉The concentration of soil water in soil is 50%.

👉Organic matter content in Indian soil is; 5%.

👉Natural soil aggregates/mass are known as: Peds.

👉The science which describes rocks is known as Petrology.

👉Igneous rocks are Granite and Basalt.

👉Sedimentary rocks are Lime stone, Sand stone and Dolomite.

👉Metamorphic rocks are Gneiss, Marble, Quartzite and Slate.

👉Exfoliation; The rocks gets broken in pieces due to temperature.

👉Primary minerals are Feldspar, Quartz and Mica.

👉1:1 type silicate clay minerals are Kaolinite, Halloysite.

👉The example of 2:1 type silicate clay minerals are; Montmorillonite, Vermiculite and Illite.

👉Chlorite is a 2:1:1 or 2:2 type clay mineral

👉Feldspar (48%); The most dominant mineral on earth crust.

👉The weathering mineral, having most stable soil structure is Kaolinite.

👉Which mineral is a source of phosphorus and boron in soils; Apetite

👉The hydroxide act as cementing agent in binding the soil particles together; Fe and Al.

👉A vertical section of soil through all its horizons is called Soil Profile.

👉Which horizon is called Fertile zone; A horizon.

👉The horizon absent in arable land and present in vergin soil is; ‘O’ horizon

👉O’ horizon mostly found in forest land.

👉The eluviation horizon is; ‘E or A2 horizon

👉The illuviation horizon is ‘B’ horizon.

👉A+B horizons are collectively called as Solum

👉A+B+C horizons together called as Regolith.

👉Bulk density of normal soil is 1.33 g/cc.

👉The formulae of particle density of soil

👉Particle density of soil is 2.65 g/cc.

👉The weight of one hectare of surface soil (O-15 cm) in kilograms 2.24×10⁶ kg/ha

👉The arrangement of primary particles of soil is called Soil structure.

👉The relative proportion of sand, silt and clay is termed as Soil texture.

👉The best agricultural soil structure is Crumby/Spheroidal.

👉Soil structure proving less porosity in soil is Platy structure

👉The best agricultural texture is Loam.

👉NBSSLUP centre is located at Nagpur.

👉Commonly followed soil particle classified in India is International Society of Soil Science (ISSS)

👉The particle size of silt is 0.02 – 0.002.

👉The particle size of clay is < 0.002

👉The maximum pore space are found in Clay soil.

👉Soil colour is determined by Munsell Colour chart.

👉It is the relative purity or strength of the spectral colour is Chroma.

👉The capacity of the soil to change its shape under moist conditions is Soil Plasticity.

👉The attraction of solid surface for water molecules is called as; Adhesion

👉The density of soil water is maximum at 4°C.

👉Water held between 1/3rd and 15 atm is called Available water.

👉The process by which ions are taken into plant roots is called Absorption.

👉Mechanical analysis of soil is estimated by Stock’s law.

👉The negative logarithm of H⁺ ion concentration is called; Soil pH.

👉The pH value varies from 0 to 14.0

👉The C : N ratio of the soil are fairly constant between 10 : 1 to 12 : 1

👉The smell of soil after fresh shower is due to; Actinomycetes.

👉The most dominant soil order of India is; Entisol

👉Black soil belongs the soil order is Vertisol, mostly found in Maharastra.

👉The soil having more than 30% organic matter is placed in; Histosol

👉The most important soil group of India is Alluvial Soils.

👉Newly formed alluvial soil is called; Khadar soil.

👉black soil contains the clay mineral; Montmorillonite clay (2:1)

👉The soil deficient in nitrogen content is Black soil.

👉Black soil shows black colour due to compound; Mn.

👉The vertical cracks are major problem in; Deep black soils

👉Red soil is red coloured due to; Ferric oxides.

👉Phosphorus fixation is most probable in; Laterite Soil.

👉Infiltration rate is relatively higher in Sandy soil.

👉Peaty soils are generally deficient of; Cu.

👉Marshy soils are generally deficient of; Zn.

👉The most deficient micronutrient in the Indian soil is Zn.

👉Which micro-nutrient is most deficient in Indo-Gangatic alluvium soils is Zinc

👉Which macro-nutrient is most deficient in Indo-Gangatic alluvium soils is Nitrogen

👉The inherent capacity of the soil to supply nutrients to plants in adequate amount and in

👉suitable proportions; Soil Fertility.

👉The capacity of the soil to produce plants under a specified programme of management and it is expressed in terms of yields; Soil Productivity.

👉The process of decomposition of organic matter is termed as; Humification.

👉Well decomposed FYM contains N, P and K 0.5:0.2:0.5%.

👉A mass of rotted organic matter made from waste is Compost.

👉NPK content of town compost; 1.4:1:1.4%.

👉The organic matter rich compost made by use of earthworms; Vermicompost.

👉A practice of turning un-decomposed fresh green plant tissue into the soil to improve

👉fertility status and physical structure of the soil is known as Green Manuring.

👉Green manure crops are turned in the field at the stage of Flowering.

👉Green manure crops contributes nitrogen ranging from; 50-175 kg/ha

👉The most widely used green manure crop is Sunhemp (Crotalaria juncea)

👉The green manure crop having both stem and root nodulation is Sesbania rostrata.

👉Green leaf manuring crops  is Karanj and Ipomea.

👉The crop oilcake, which has highest nitrification rate is Groundnut.